The Effectiveness of a Technology-Based Isometrical Transformation Flipped Classroom Learning Strategy in Improving Students' Higher Order Thinking Skills

Isometric Transformation is one of the essential topics in the Malaysian Secondary School Mathematics Curriculum. In general, Malaysia's achievements in TIMSS and PISA were found to be less encouraging, especially in the field of Geometry, implying that students’ Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) remain low, particularly on Isometric Transformation. Therefore, this study developed Flipped Classroom Learning Strategy (FCLS) activities and evaluated their effectiveness in increasing secondary students' HOTS in Isometric Transformation. The study had two stages: (1) development of FCLS activities through needs analysis, design and development, and expert evaluation (11 experts); and (2) a quasi-experimental evaluation involving 131 Form 2 students from two Johor secondary schools assigned to treatment (FCLS) and control (conventional) groups over eight weeks. Mann-Whitney test results showed significant differences (p = .000 < .05) in overall HOTS and across all four HOTS levels between groups post-intervention. The findings indicate that teaching and learning using FCLS activities effectively improved students' HOTS in Isometric Transformation. The FCLS activities can serve as guidelines for educators to increase HOTS in mathematics education.

Kalaiarasi Nadarajan, Abdul Halim Abdullah, Najua Syuhada Ahmad Alhassora, Nor Hasniza Ibrahim, Johari Surif, Dayana Farzeeha Ali, Norasykin Mohd Zaid, Mohd Hilmi Hamzah