This study developed an injectable pig cartilage-derived decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) hydrogel for cartilage defect repair. The dECM hydrogels enhanced the chondrogenic differentiation of human urine-derived stem cells (USCs) *in vitro* and *in vivo*. USCs within the dECM hydrogels produced cartilage-specific extracellular matrix, modulated immune response, and promoted cartilage regeneration in a rat model.