This paper experimentally demonstrates two super-resolution imaging tasks using hypothesis testing and quantum metrology. It significantly reduces the error probability in detecting a weak secondary source, even with small separations. Using a simple interferometer, the setup's optimality for state discrimination and its ability to super-resolve angular separation between equally bright sources are shown. With a 5.3 mm baseline, it resolves sources 15 µm apart at 1.0 m with 1.7% accuracy—a three-order-of-magnitude improvement over shot-noise-limited direct imaging.

Ugo Zanforlin, Cosmo Lupo, Peter W. R. Connolly, Pieter Kok, Gerald S. Buller, Zixin Huang