This study investigated the impact of autonomous AI for diabetic eye disease (DED) testing on adherence to annual testing guidelines and health equity in underserved populations. A propensity score weighting analysis comparing AI-switched and non-AI sites within Johns Hopkins Medicine showed a significantly greater increase in DED testing at AI-switched sites (6.7 percentage points). This improvement was particularly pronounced among Black/African Americans (12.2 percentage points increase). Furthermore, the study observed a reduction in adherence rate gaps between different racial and insurance groups, indicating improved health equity.

Jane J. Huang, Roomasa Channa, Risa M. Wolf, Yiwen Dong, Mavis Liang, Jiangxia Wang, Michael D. Abramoff, T. Y. Alvin Liu