This paper estimates the effects of remote learning in secondary education in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a differences-in-differences strategy, the authors find that remote learning led to a 365% increase in dropout risk and a 0.32 standard deviation decrease in test scores (equivalent to students learning only 27.5% of the in-person equivalent). Partially resuming in-person classes increased test scores by 20% relative to the control group. Negative impacts were larger for girls, non-white students, and schools in low-income neighborhoods.
Publisher
Nature Human Behaviour
Published On
Aug 01, 2022
Authors
Guilherme Lichand, Carlos Alberto Doria, Onicio Leal-Neto, João Paulo Cossi Fernandes
Tags
remote learning
COVID-19
dropout risk
test scores
Brazil
education
equity
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