Risks posed by invasive species to the provision of ecosystem services in Europe

Invasive species significantly impact biodiversity and ecosystem services. This study assesses current and future risks posed by 94 invasive species to seven key ecosystem services in Europe. Widespread potential impacts are demonstrated, particularly on outdoor recreation, habitat maintenance, crop provisioning, and soil and nitrogen retention. Exposure to invasive species was higher in areas with lower provision of ecosystem services, especially for regulating and cultural services. High-value ecosystem service areas at highest risk represent a small fraction of Europe (0–13%) but are disproportionally important for service conservation. The study highlights the need for monitoring and protecting these hotspots to align management strategies with international biodiversity targets.

Belinda Gallardo, Sven Bacher, Ana Marcia Barbosa, Laure Gallien, Pablo González-Moreno, Víctor Martínez-Bolea, Cascade Sorte, Giovanni Vimercati, Montserrat Vilà