Space Sciences

Longitudinal multi-omics analysis of host microbiome architecture and immune responses during short-term spaceflight

B. T. Tierney, J. K. Kim, et al.

This groundbreaking study by Tierney et al. delves into the intricate interactions of the human microbiome during short-term spaceflight. Tracking microbiome shifts over six months, the research highlights unexpected changes linked to immune responses, paving the way for future space missions and astronaut health.

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Playback language: English

Index

Abstract

Maintenance of astronaut health during spaceflight necessitates microbiome monitoring and potential modulation. This six-month longitudinal study quantified the high-resolution human microbiome response to three days in orbit for four individuals. Using metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and single-nuclei immune cell profiling across 750 samples and 10 body sites, time-dependent, multikingdom microbiome changes were characterized. Most alterations were transient, but longer-term oral microbiome shifts, including increased plaque-associated bacteria (*Fusobacteriota*), correlated with immune cell gene expression. Microbial genes associated with phage activity, toxin-antitoxin systems, and stress response were enriched. This study provides in-depth characterization of microbiome and immune response shifts during short-term spaceflight, guiding future missions and spacecraft design.

Publisher

Nature Microbiology

Published On

Jul 11, 2024

Authors

Braden T. Tierney, Jang Keun Kim, Eliah G. Overbey, Krista A. Ryon, Jonathan Foox, Maria A. Sierra, Chandrima Bhattacharya, Namita Damle, Deena Najjar, Jiwoon Park, J. Sebastian Garcia Medina, Nadia Houerbi, Cem Meydan, Jeremy Wain Hirschberg, Jake Qiu, Ashley S. Kleinman, Gabriel A. Al-Ghalith, Matthew MacKay, Evan E. Afshin, Raja Dhir, Joseph Borg, Christine Gatt, Nicholas Brereton, Benjamin P. Readhead, Semir Beyaz, Kasthuri J. Venkateswaran, Kelly Wiseman, Juan Moreno, Andrew M. Boddicker, Junhua Zhao, Bryan R. Lajoie, Ryan T. Scott, Andrew Altomare, Semyon Kruglyak, Shawn Levy, George M. Church, Christopher E. Mason

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