This study investigated the association of learning success across three languages (L1-L3) in 636 third language (L3) learners of Chinese descent. The researchers hypothesized that learning conditions, rather than inherent differences between native and foreign language learning mechanisms, are a primary determinant of language learning success. Using general linear models, structural equation models, and machine learning, the study found a significant association between L1 and L2 proficiency and between L2 and L3 proficiency, but not between L1 and L3 proficiency. This supports the learning condition hypothesis, suggesting that similar learning conditions between languages strengthen the association of learning success.
Publisher
npj Science of Learning
Published On
Sep 15, 2021
Authors
Xin Kang, Stephen Matthews, Virginia Yip, Patrick C. M. Wong
Tags
language learning
proficiency
Chinese descent
learning conditions
third language
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