Infant movement classification through pressure distribution analysis

Aiming at objective early detection of neuromotor disorders such as cerebral palsy, we propose an innovative non-intrusive approach using a pressure sensing device to classify infant general movements. Here we differentiate typical general movement patterns of the "fidgety period" (fidgety movements) vs. the "pre-fidgety period" (writhing movements). Participants (N=45) were sampled from a typically-developing infant cohort. Multi-modal sensor data, including pressure data from a pressure sensing mat with 1024 sensors, were prospectively recorded for each infant in seven succeeding laboratory sessions in biweekly intervals from 4 to 16 weeks of post-term age. 1776 pressure data snippets, each 5s long, from the two targeted age periods were taken for movement classification. Each snippet was pre-annotated based on corresponding synchronised video data by human assessors as either fidgety present or absent. Multiple neural network architectures were tested to distinguish the fidgety present vs. fidgety absent classes, including support vector machines, feed-forward networks, convolutional neural networks, and long short-term memory networks. The convolution neural network achieved the highest average classification accuracy (81.4%). The proposed approach has a high potential for clinical applications. The pressure sensing approach has great potential for efficient large-scale motion data acquisition and sharing. This will in return enable improvement of the approach that may prove scalable for daily clinical application for evaluating infant neuromotor functions.

Tomas Kulvicius, Dajie Zhang, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Sven Bölte, Marc Kraft, Christa Einspieler, Luise Poustka, Florentin Wörgötter, Peter B. Marschik