This research explores how economic, financial, and political risks influence the relationship between natural resources rents and carbon emissions. Analyzing data from 66 countries, this study utilizes quantile regression and dynamic threshold regression. Findings reveal that natural resources rents increase carbon emissions across different quantiles. Economic and financial risks lessen this effect at higher quantiles, while reduced political risk decreases the effect across quantiles. Threshold effects exist where low economic and political risks lead to a decline in carbon emissions with increased natural resources rents.

Qiang Wang, Siqi Zhang, Rongrong Li