This randomized controlled trial (RCT) compared a personalized dietary program (PDP) to general dietary advice on cardiometabolic health. The PDP used individual postprandial glucose and triglyceride responses, microbiome data, and health history to create personalized food scores within an 18-week app-based program. The control group received standard dietary advice (USDA Guidelines). The primary outcomes were serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. Intention-to-treat analysis (n=347) showed significant triglyceride reduction in the PDP group. Improvements in secondary outcomes (body weight, waist circumference, HbA1c, diet quality, microbiome beta-diversity) were also observed, particularly in highly adherent PDP participants. No serious adverse events were reported. The PDP led to some improvements in cardiometabolic health compared to standard advice. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT05273268.

Kate M. Bermingham, Inbar Linenberg, Lorenzo Polidori, Francesco Asnicar, Alberto Arrè, Jonathan Wolf, Fatema Badri, Hannah Bernard, Joan Capdevila, William J. Bulsiewicz, Christopher D. Gardner, Jose M. Ordovas, Richard Davies, George Hadjigeorgiou, Wendy L. Hall, Linda M. Delahanty, Ana M. Valdes, Nicola Segata, Tim D. Spector, Sarah E. Berry