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Abstract
This research compares disinformation surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021) and the Russia-Ukraine war (2022-2023) in Europe. Using a mixed methodology of quantitative content analysis of fact-checking publications (N=812) and qualitative interviews with specialists (N=8), the study finds that hoax frequency correlated with peak events. Pandemic hoaxes were primarily textual, while war hoaxes frequently used out-of-context images. Social media (Facebook and X) were the main dissemination platforms, with disinformation aiming to provoke emotional responses and polarize audiences.
Publisher
Humanities and Social Sciences Communications
Published On
Jun 28, 2024
Authors
Rocío Sánchez del Vas, Jorge Tuñón Navarro
Tags
disinformation
COVID-19
Russia-Ukraine war
social media
hoaxes
Europe
fact-checking

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