Current extinction rate in European freshwater gastropods greatly exceeds that of the late Cretaceous mass extinction

The Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction event 66 million years ago eradicated three quarters of marine and terrestrial species globally. However, previous studies based on vertebrates suggest that freshwater biota were much less affected. Here we assemble a time series of European freshwater gastropod species occurrences and inferred extinction rates covering the past 200 million years. We find that extinction rates increased by more than one order of magnitude during the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction, which resulted in the extinction of 92.5% of all species. The extinction phase lasted 5.4 million years and was followed by a recovery period of 6.9 million years. However, present extinction rates in European freshwater gastropods are three orders of magnitude higher than even these revised estimates for the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction.

Thomas A. Neubauer, Torsten Hauffe, Daniele Silvestro, Jens Schauer, Dietrich Kadolsky, Frank P. Wesselingh, Mathias Harzhauser, Thomas Wilke