This scoping review examines the market interactions between value chain actors and small-scale producers in developing regions, focusing on non-contractual relationships. Analyzing 202 studies, the review finds that small and medium enterprises (SMEs), not just large firms, play a crucial role in improving smallholder welfare by providing complementary services such as input provision, credit, information, and logistics. These informal arrangements address market failures and asset shortfalls, contributing to technology adoption, increased productivity, and ultimately, progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 2 (ending hunger). The review also highlights gaps in the literature, particularly regarding gender, environmental sustainability, and livestock production.

Lenis Saweda O. Liverpool-Tasie, Ayala Wineman, Sarah Young, Justice Tambo, Carolina Vargas, Thomas Reardon, Guigonan Serge Adjognon, Jaron Porciello, Nasra Gathoni, Livia Bizikova, Alessandra Galiè, Ashley Celestin