Cancer is a leading cause of death globally. Despite advancements, current cancer therapies face limitations like lack of tumor specificity, dose-related toxicity, low bioavailability, and drug resistance. Nanomedicine offers potential solutions by enabling tumor-specific drug delivery and minimizing side effects. This review compares various nanoparticles (lipid-based, inorganic, polymeric, and biological) and their roles in cancer treatment, highlighting FDA-approved nanomedicines and those in clinical trials. The review also discusses the challenges and future prospects of nanomedicine in cancer management.

Paras Mani Giri, Anurag Banerjee, Buddadev Layek