Earth Sciences

Unconventional cold vortex as precursor to historic early summer heatwaves in North China 2023

B. Liu, Y. Duan, et al.

Discover how extreme heatwaves in North China emerged in mid-2023, following an unusual cold vortex. This research reveals intricate air-land interactions and their impact on climate, spearheaded by authors Boqi Liu, Yanan Duan, Shuangmei Ma, Yuhan Yan, and Congwen Zhu.

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Abstract

North China experienced extreme heatwaves in mid-June to July 2023, preceded by an unusual upper-tropospheric cold vortex in early June. The Indo-Pacific warm pool's zonal SSTA gradient initially suppressed Indian summer monsoon convection, stimulating the cold vortex via a tropical-extratropical teleconnection. This increased air-land thermal contrast, leading to heightened sensible heating and reduced soil moisture. Drier soil further augmented sensible heating, escalating surface air temperature and causing the heatwaves. ECMWF S2S forecasts captured the air-land feedback, but underestimated heatwave intensity due to soil moisture bias. The initial cold vortex and air-land-sea interactions provided S2S predictability for the heatwaves.

Publisher

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science

Published On

Jul 15, 2024

Authors

Boqi Liu, Yanan Duan, Shuangmei Ma, Yuhan Yan, Congwen Zhu

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