The Role of Oxidative Stress Enhanced by Adiposity in Cardiometabolic Diseases

Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), encompassing cardiovascular disease (CVD), metabolic syndrome (MetS), and type 2 diabetes (T2D), are linked to heightened morbidity and mortality. The rising prevalence of CVD is largely attributed to an aging population and the frequent occurrence of risk factors such as high systolic blood pressure, elevated plasma glucose, and increased body mass index (BMI), leading to a global obesity, MetS, and T2D epidemic. Oxidant-antioxidant balance disorders significantly contribute to the pathogenesis and outcomes of CMDs. Excess adipose tissue in obesity leads to increased oxidative stress due to enhanced and disrupted reactive oxygen species generation. This review explores the interplay between adiposity, oxidative stress, and cardiometabolic risks, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of existing knowledge, identify knowledge gaps, and suggest future research directions for prevention and treatment strategies.

Yutang Wang, Dianna Magliano, Iwona Świątkiewicz, Marcin Wróblewski, Jarosław Nuszkiewicz, Paweł Sutkowy, Joanna Wróblewska, Alina Woźniak