Spin-wave-driven tornado-like dynamics of three-dimensional topological magnetic textures

The abundant topological magnetic textures in three-dimensional systems provide opportunities to investigate fundamental spin dynamics and enable spintronic applications. Yet their dynamics—particularly when driven by spin waves suitable for ultralow-power and insulating platforms—has been rarely studied. Using micromagnetic simulations, the authors study spin-wave-driven dynamics of a skyrmion tube (SkT) and a chiral bobber (ChB) in a thick magnetic film. They predict tornado-like dynamics in both textures, where topological centers execute lateral rotations and their rotation centers form a distorted profile along the thickness. While SkT velocity scales with driving power, ChB motion exhibits a threshold in the driving field that depends linearly on its penetration length. This distinct behavior provides a means to differentiate ChBs from SkTs and estimate ChB penetration length experimentally.