Obesity negatively impacts bone and fat metabolism. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) have shown promise in improving glucose metabolism and bone homeostasis in obese individuals. This study investigated the effects of omega-3 PUFA supplementation on bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) and bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) metabolism in obese mice. Results showed that omega-3 PUFA supplementation improved bone parameters, mechanical properties, and reduced BMAT in obese mice compared to a high-fat diet (HFD) group. BMSCs from the omega-3 PUFA-supplemented group exhibited decreased adipocyte differentiation, increased osteoblast differentiation, a lower senescent phenotype, and decreased osteoclast formation. The study concludes that omega-3 PUFAs have beneficial effects on bone and cellular metabolism, suggesting potential therapeutic applications in metabolic bone diseases.

Andrea Benova, Michaela Ferencakova, Kristina Bardova, Jiri Funda, Jan Prochazka, Frantisek Spoutil, Tomas Cajka, Martina Dzubanova, Tim Balcaen, Greet Kerckhofs, Wouter Willekens, G. Harry van Lenthe, Arzuv Charyyeva, Glenda Alquicer, Alena Pecinova, Tomas Mracek, Olga Horakova, Roman Coupeau, Morten Svarer Hansen, Martin Rossmeisl, Jan Kopecky, Michaela Tencerova