Multidimensional spatial inequality in China and its relationship with economic growth

This study examines multidimensional spatial inequality in China, encompassing economic, social, environmental, infrastructural, and innovation aspects, and its relationship with economic growth. Using 13 indicators aligned with the SDGs and Chinese planning goals, the study employs the population-weighted coefficient of variation, Gini coefficient, and Moran's I to assess spatial inequalities. Findings reveal that innovation shows the highest inequality, while the social dimension exhibits the lowest. Most indicators show decreasing spatial inequality since 1990, except unemployment and carbon emissions. The study finds evidence supporting Williamson's inverted U-shaped hypothesis across multiple dimensions, offering policy insights for addressing regional inequalities.

Haimeng Liu, Liwei Wang, Jinzhou Wang, Hangtian Ming, Xuankuang Wu, Gang Xu, Shengwu Zhang