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In vivo evolution of an emerging zoonotic bacterial pathogen in an immunocompromised human host

Medicine and Health

In vivo evolution of an emerging zoonotic bacterial pathogen in an immunocompromised human host

A. Launay, C. Wu, et al.

Discover the fascinating adaptive evolution of *Bordetella hinzii*, a zoonotic pathogen, in a patient with interleukin-12 receptor β1 deficiency. Researchers A. Launay, C.-J. Wu, A. Dualanto Chiang, J.-H. Youn, P. P. Khil, and J. P. Dekker reveal how genomic changes led to significant diversification and metabolic adaptations in the pathogen, highlighting the influence of the host's immune response on evolution after zoonotic infections.

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Abstract
This study characterizes the adaptive evolution of the zoonotic pathogen *Bordetella hinzii* within a patient with interleukin-12 receptor β1 deficiency. Genomic sequencing of 24 isolates revealed extensive within-host diversification, driven by an E96 substitution in the DNA polymerase III ε-subunit, causing proofreading deficiency. This led to mutations in DNA repair genes, altered mutational spectra, and metabolic adaptations. An excess of G:C > T:A transversions suggested oxidative stress. The study highlights the role of host immune phenotype in shaping pathogen evolution post-zoonotic infection.
Publisher
Nature Communications
Published On
Jul 23, 2021
Authors
A. Launay, C.-J. Wu, A. Dualanto Chiang, J.-H. Youn, P. P. Khil, J. P. Dekker
Tags
Bordetella hinzii
zoonotic pathogen
genomic sequencing
mutational spectra
oxidative stress
host immune phenotype
adaptive evolution

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