Tropical forest degradation from selective logging, fire and edge effects is a major driver of carbon and biodiversity loss, with annual rates comparable to those of deforestation. This study quantifies the magnitude and persistence of degradation on forest structure using satellite remote sensing and LiDAR data. It estimates significant height decreases due to logging and fire, with slow recovery even after 20 years. Edge effects, impacting up to 1.5 km into forests, encroach on 18% (206 Mha) of remaining tropical moist forests—more than double previous estimates. Degraded forests with over 50% canopy loss are much more vulnerable to deforestation. The findings highlight the need for stronger efforts to prevent degradation and protect degraded forests.

C. Bourgoin, G. Ceccherini, M. Girardello, C. Vancutsem, V. Avitabile, P. S. A. Beck, R. Beuchle, L. Blanc, G. Duveiller, M. Migliavacca, G. Vieilledent, A. Cescatti, F. Achard