AgricultureNature Genetics

High-quality genome assembly and resequencing of modern cotton cultivars provide resources for crop improvement

Z. Ma, Y. Zhang, et al.

Discover groundbreaking research conducted by Zhiying Ma and colleagues, revealing the hidden genetic secrets of cotton through high-quality genomes of *Gossypium hirsutum* and *Gossypium barbadense*. This study uncovers structural variations that impact fiber quality and resilience against *Verticillium* wilt, offering insights into crop improvement strategies.... show more

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Abstract

Cotton produces natural fiber for the textile industry. The genetic effects of genomic structural variations underlying agronomic traits remain unclear. Here, we generate two high-quality genomes of Gossypium hirsutum cv. NDM8 and Gossypium barbadense acc. Pima90, and identify large-scale structural variations in the two species and 1,081 G. hirsutum accessions. The density of structural variations is higher in the D-subgenome than in the A-subgenome, indicating that the D-subgenome undergoes stronger selection during species formation and variety development. Many structural variations in genes and/or regulatory regions potentially influencing agronomic traits were discovered. Of 446 significantly associated structural variations, those for fiber quality and Verticillium wilt resistance are located mainly in the D-subgenome and those for yield mainly in the A-subgenome. Our research provides insight into the role of structural variations in genotype-to-phenotype relationships and their potential utility in crop improvement.

Publisher

Nature Genetics

Published On

Sep 01, 2021

Authors

Zhiying Ma, Yan Zhang, Liqiang Wu, Guiyin Zhang, Zhengwen Sun, Zhikun Li, Yafei Jiang, Huifeng Ke, Bin Chen, Zhengwen Liu, Qishen Gu, Zhicheng Wang, Guoning Wang, Jun Yang, Jinhua Wu, Yuanyuan Yan, Chengsheng Meng, Lihua Li, Xiuxin Li, Shaojing Mo, Nan Wu, Limei Ma, Liting Chen, Man Zhang, Aijun Si, Zhanwu Yang, Nan Wang, Lizhu Wu, Dongmei Zhang, Yanru Cui, Jing Cui, Xing Lv, Yang Li, Rongkang Shi, Yihong Duan, Shilin Tian, Xingfen Wang

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-021-00910-2

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