Earth Sciences

Diverse mantle components with invariant oxygen isotopes in the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption, Iceland

I. N. Bindeman, F. M. Deegan, et al.

The 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption offers groundbreaking insights into Iceland's mantle composition, particularly its intriguing oxygen isotope composition. Despite significant variations in trace elements, the eruption's basalts exhibit consistent δ¹⁸O values, suggesting a unique mantle reference for the Reykjanes Peninsula. This research was conducted by I. N. Bindeman and colleagues.

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Abstract

The 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption, the first on the Reykjanes Peninsula in 781 years, provides a unique opportunity to study Iceland's mantle composition, particularly its oxygen isotope composition (δ¹⁸O). Basalts from the eruption show compositional variations in Zr/Y, Nb/Zr, and Nb/Y, indicating involvement of Icelandic plume (OIB) and Enriched Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalt (EMORB) components. However, δ¹⁸O values are remarkably invariant (mean 5.4 ± 0.3‰), indistinguishable from "normal" upper mantle, unlike significantly lower δ¹⁸O values found elsewhere in Iceland. This suggests that despite differing trace element characteristics, the melts show no evidence for ¹⁸O-depleted mantle or interaction with low-δ¹⁸O crust, providing a useful mantle reference value for this region.

Publisher

Nature Communications

Published On

Jun 29, 2022

Authors

I. N. Bindeman, F. M. Deegan, V. R. Troll, T. Thordarson, Á. Höskuldsson, W. M. Moreland, E. U. Zorn, A. V. Shevchenko, T. R. Walter

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