This review discusses the limitations of current immunotherapies, the need for new approaches, the biology and mechanism of CAR T-cell therapy, clinical data for anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy, treatment toxicity, and the future promise of this treatment for common epithelial cancers. Despite successes in treating refractory CD19-positive B-lymphoid malignancies, challenges remain in applying CAR T-cell technology to solid cancers due to low-level antigen expression on non-malignant cells and limited trafficking to metastatic lesions. However, promising results have been observed in advanced neuroblastoma using anti-GD2 CAR T-cells.

Hiu Kwan Tang, Carolyn Tang, Bo Wang, Hui Xian Tan, Muhammad Adeel Sarwar, Bahaaeldin Baraka, Tahir Shafiq, Ankit R Rao