Biology

Captain America without the shield: elytra loss and the evolution of alternative defence strategies in beetles

J. Goczał

Join Jakub Goczał as he delves into the fascinating world of beetles, revealing how some species adapt to life without their protective elytra. Discover the intriguing evolutionary alternatives that have emerged, akin to Captain America foregoing his shield in the name of survival.

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Playback language: English

Index

Abstract

The formation of protective elytra is crucial for beetle success. However, some lineages show elytra reduction. This review explores the evolutionary consequences of this phenomenon, using the analogy of Captain America losing his shield. Beetles with reduced elytra have evolved alternative defense mechanisms, including hardened abdominal tergites, Batesian mimicry, aposematic coloration, chemical protection, and defensive bioluminescence. While it's unclear if these strategies directly evolved in response to elytra loss, they likely compensate for the loss of primary protection.

Publisher

Zoomorphology

Published On

Feb 06, 2023

Authors

Jakub Goczał

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00435-023-00593-9

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