This paper examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on business visits in Minnesota, USA, using SafeGraph mobility data. It finds that businesses, particularly those requiring extended indoor visits, in affluent zip codes experienced sharper visit reductions (relative to pre-pandemic levels) than those in lower-income zip codes, even outside of lockdown periods. The authors suggest that post-pandemic recovery efforts should prioritize relief funding based on these differential visit losses.
Publisher
Humanities & Social Sciences Communications
Published On
Oct 17, 2023
Authors
Aditya Kulkarni, Minkyong Kim, Jayanta Bhattacharya, Joydeep Bhattacharya
Tags
COVID-19
business visits
SafeGraph mobility data
affluent zip codes
visit reductions
recovery efforts
economic impact
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