This study investigated the association of dietary patterns with the risk of insulin resistance (IR), diabetes mellitus (DM), and central obesity in China. A cross-sectional study of 1432 participants (aged 40–65 years) in Hangzhou assessed dietary intake using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Factor analysis revealed four dietary patterns: vegetable-fruits, rice-meat, seafood-eggs, and sweet-fast. The vegetable-fruits pattern was inversely associated with HOMA-IR and visceral fat area (VFA), and with a lower risk of DM and central obesity (in males). Conversely, the sweet-fast food pattern showed a positive association with HOMA-IR, DM (in males), and central obesity (in males). The rice-meat and seafood-eggs patterns showed no significant associations.

Xueyao Yin, Yixin Chen, Weina Lu, Ting Jin, Lin Li