A portrait of the Higgs boson by the CMS experiment ten years after the discovery

In July 2012, the ATLAS and CMS collaborations announced the observation of a Higgs boson with a mass around 125 GeV. Ten years later, using data corresponding to about 30 times more Higgs bosons, CMS has measured numerous properties of the Higgs boson. The experiment has observed the Higgs boson in multiple fermionic and bosonic decay channels, established its spin-parity quantum numbers, determined its mass, and measured production cross-sections in various modes. This paper presents the most up-to-date combination of CMS results on single- and double-Higgs-boson production based on proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV (integrated luminosity up to 138 fb⁻¹), including the most stringent limit on Higgs boson pair production. Within uncertainties, all observations are compatible with the Standard Model (SM). Given that the SM is likely a low-energy approximation of a more comprehensive theory and that several open questions are linked to the Higgs sector, the larger datasets expected over the next 15 years will further deepen our understanding.