Cities are major carbon emission generators, and land use changes significantly impact carbon balance. This study addresses limitations in spatial carbon monitoring and patch-scale low-carbon land use adjustments by developing a high-resolution carbon monitoring model and a patch-scale low-carbon land use model. Using Shangyu District, China as a case study, the research reveals increasing carbon emissions and sinks between 2000 and 2020, with sinks offsetting only about 3% of emissions. Land-use change analysis indicates that land-use transfer resulted in increased annual carbon emissions. Through land-use structure optimization and patch-scale low-carbon land optimization, significant reductions in carbon emissions and increases in carbon sinks are projected. The developed methods effectively contribute to high-resolution carbon monitoring and support low-carbon land use planning and city planning.
