This study investigates the adaptive potential of the fungal wheat pathogen *Zymoseptoria tritici* across diverse environments. Using 145 global strains, researchers measured 50 life-history traits, including virulence and reproduction on different wheat hosts and responses to abiotic stressors. Genome-wide association mapping and genetic correlation analyses revealed polygenic architectures for most traits with high heritability. Negative genetic correlations were found between host colonization and survival in stressful environments, suggesting pleiotropic effects limit host damage. Conversely, adaptation to abiotic stress was facilitated by synergistic pleiotropy. This comprehensive mapping predicts evolutionary trajectories under environmental changes.

Anik Dutta, Fanny E. Hartmann, Carolina Sardinha Francisco, Bruce A. McDonald, Daniel Croll