This study explores the experiences of 19 individuals using generative AI chatbots for mental health. Participants reported high engagement and positive impacts, including improved relationships and healing from trauma. Four themes emerged: emotional sanctuary, insightful guidance (especially regarding relationships), joy of connection, and comparisons with human therapy. While echoing some findings on rule-based chatbots, novel aspects included the joy and deep understanding experienced. Participants highlighted needs for improved safety guardrails, human-like memory, and the chatbot's ability to lead the therapeutic process. Generative AI chatbots show promise but require further research on safety and effectiveness.

Steven Siddals, John Torous, Astrid Coxon