This retrospective study analyzed 716 COVID-19 patients admitted to a Chinese hospital. 76.82% showed co-infection with 11 pathogens; bacterial co-infections (74%) were most common, primarily *Streptococcus pneumoniae* and *Haemophilus influenzae*. Viral co-infections (15%) involved influenza A and respiratory syncytial virus. Risk factors for mortality included dyspnea, hypoproteinemia, low lymphocyte counts, and *Mycoplasma pneumoniae* co-infection. The study highlights the high prevalence of co-infections and suggests a need for improved antibiotic stewardship.
