The ability to perform entangling quantum operations with low error rates in a scalable fashion is crucial for useful quantum information processing. Neutral-atom arrays have emerged as a promising quantum computing platform due to their coherent control over hundreds of qubits and any-to-any gate connectivity. This work reports the realization of two-qubit entangling gates with 99.5% fidelity on up to 60 atoms in parallel, exceeding the surface-code threshold for error correction. The method uses fast, single-pulse gates based on optimal controls and atomic dark states to reduce scattering. The fidelity is benchmarked using multiple methods, error sources are characterized, and the method is generalized to three-qubit gates. These advances pave the way for large-scale quantum algorithms, error-corrected circuits, and digital simulations.

Simon J. Evered, Dolev Bluvstein, Marcin Kalinowski, Sepehr Ebadi, Tom Manovitz, Hengyun Zhou, Sophie H. Li, Alexandra A. Geim, Tout T. Wang, Nishad Maskara, Harry Levine, Giulia Semeghini, Markus Greiner, Vladan Vuletić, Mikhail D. Lukin