Focused ultrasound excites cortical neurons via mechanosensitive calcium accumulation and ion channel amplification

This study investigates the biomolecular and cellular mechanisms by which focused ultrasound (FUS) excites mammalian neurons. Researchers found that FUS excites primary murine cortical neurons through a mechanical mechanism involving calcium-selective mechanosensitive ion channels. Activation of these channels leads to calcium buildup, amplified by calcium- and voltage-gated channels, resulting in burst firing. Cavitation, temperature changes, large-scale deformation, and synaptic transmission were not necessary for excitation. Pharmacological and genetic manipulations of specific ion channels altered the ultrasound response, demonstrating a clear mechanistic link.

Sangjin Yoo, David R. Mittelstein, Robert C. Hurt, Jerome Lacroix, Mikhail G. Shapiro