This paper explores the global feasible supply of steel and cement within Paris-compliant carbon budgets, considering uncertainties in infrastructure deployment. Despite substantial growth in recycling and hydrogen-based production, the feasible steel supply will only meet 55–85% of baseline demand in 2050, and cement supply is even more uncertain, meeting only 22–56%. This necessitates rapid infrastructure expansion and preparedness for deployment failures, emphasizing the urgency of demand-side actions and resource efficiency.
Publisher
Nature Communications
Published On
Nov 30, 2023
Authors
Takuma Watari, André Cabrera Serranho, Lukas Gast, Jonathan Cullen, Julian Allwood
Tags
steel supply
cement supply
carbon budgets
infrastructure
recycling
hydrogen production
resource efficiency
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