This paper introduces ultrafast sub-1 s electrochromic supercapacitors (ECSs) based on amorphous mesoporous tungsten trioxide (WO₃) prepared by evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA). Mesoporous WO₃ exhibits a large optical modulation (76% at 700 nm), ultrafast switching speeds (0.8 s for coloration and 0.4 s for bleaching), and a high areal capacitance (2.57 mF/cm²), even at a high current density (1.0 mA/cm²). The ECSs show excellent stability and were successfully used to create patterned ECS displays (ECSDs) via printing-assisted EISA (PEISA), demonstrating potential for smart windows and portable energy storage displays.

Keon-Woo Kim, Tae Yong Yun, Sang-Hoon You, Xiaowu Tang, Jaeyong Lee, Yeseong Seo, Yong-Tae Kim, Se Hyun Kim, Hong Chul Moon, Jin Kon Kim