Comparing the levelized cost of electric vehicle charging options in Europe

With decreasing electric vehicle (EV) prices, charging costs are crucial for EV adoption. This study systematically classifies charging options, gathers market data on equipment costs, and uses a levelized cost approach to model charging costs in 30 European countries. Findings reveal large cost variances across countries and options, suggesting various policy interventions to reduce these costs. Analysis of publicly accessible charging station utilization shows that charging costs at these stations are competitive with fuel costs at current utilization rates.

Lukas Lanz, Bessie Noll, Tobias S. Schmidt, Bjarne Steffen