This paper introduces a robust Co-NC membrane for water sterilization using peroxonosulfate (PMS) based advanced oxidation technology. The membrane, composed of cobalt nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes, addresses Co-ion leaching and recovery challenges associated with cobalt-based catalysts. The Co-NC membrane demonstrated 99.9999% *E. coli* sterilization efficiency and retained 96.29% stability after 40 cycles. Its effectiveness extended to Qiuxi River water, maintaining performance over 12 hours of continuous treatment. Mechanistic studies suggest high-valence metals (Co=O) disrupt cell membranes.

Chao Li, Jiale Li, Niu Huang, Xin Ying Kong, Qingyi Xiao, Yingping Huang, Po Keung Wong, Liqun Ye