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Abstract
This paper assesses progress towards sustainable marine development in 15 EU coastal countries from 2012-2022, using SDG 14 indicators. It distinguishes between weak and strong sustainability, finding that while some countries achieved sustainable development under both concepts, others only achieved weak sustainability, and one showed no progress. The study develops new indicators to improve coverage and uses social choice theory to analyze the balance of blue growth.
Publisher
npj Ocean Sustainability
Published On
Oct 02, 2024
Authors
Christoph Spenger, Ignacio Saldivia Gonzatti, Lennard Kröger, Christopher Robin Fleet, Rudi Voss, Wilfried Rickels
Tags
sustainable marine development
EU coastal countries
SDG 14 indicators
strong sustainability
weak sustainability
blue growth
social choice theory

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