This study investigates the prevalence and health impacts of low-price rental housing (LPRH) in Xiamen, China. The research gauged the scale of LPRHs, assessed their indoor environmental deficiencies, and surveyed renters' living experiences and health consequences. Findings revealed that partitioned rural rental housings (PRRHs) dominate Xiamen's rental market, exhibiting substandard indoor environmental parameters correlated with renters' health problems. The study advocates for governmental intervention, including improved housing plans and renovation/replacement of existing LPRHs.