Rapid differentiation of soil and root microbiomes in response to plant composition and biodiversity in the field

This study investigated the rapid response of soil and root microbiomes to variations in plant composition and diversity. Field plots were planted with 18 prairie plant species from three families (Poaceae, Fabaceae, and Asteraceae) in monocultures and mixtures of varying richness. Soil and root samples were collected four months post-planting, and DNA was extracted for microbial community analysis. All microbial groups (fungi, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), bacteria, and oomycetes) responded to the planting design, demonstrating a rapid microbiome response to plant composition. Fungal pathogens were significantly impacted by plant diversity, with putatively pathogenic fungal genera increasing with plant family, suggesting pathogen specificity. Bacteria showed strong differentiation by plant family in roots but not soil. The study highlights the importance of native microbial inoculation in restoration efforts.

Haley M. Burrill, Guangzhou Wang, James D. Bever