This article examines how policy failures can drive regulatory reforms that support renewable energy diffusion, using Mexico and Chile as case studies. It argues that the recognition of policy failures creates opportunities for change, with responses depending on how failures are interpreted (critical or ordinary). Critical failures challenge dominant policy ideas, while ordinary failures indicate implementation problems. Policy changes often involve "policy bricolage," combining new and old policy goals and instruments, thus shifting priorities within the energy trilemma (energy equity, security of supply, and environmental sustainability).

Michal Natorski, Israel Solorio