Polaritonic states trapped by topological defects

The miniaturization of photonic technologies calls for a deliberate integration of diverse materials to enable novel functionalities in chip-scale devices. Topological photonic systems are a promising platform to couple structured light with solid-state matter excitations and establish robust forms of 1D polaritonic transport. Here, we demonstrate a mechanism to efficiently trap mid-IR structured phonon-polaritons in topological defects of a metasurface integrated with hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). These defects, created by stitching displaced domains of a Kekulé-patterned metasurface, sustain localized polaritonic modes that originate from coupling of electromagnetic fields with hBN lattice vibrations. These 0D higher-order topological modes, comprising phononic and photonic components with chiral polarization, are imaged in real- and Fourier-space. The results reveal a singular radiation leakage profile and selective excitation through spin-polarized edge waves at heterogeneous topological interfaces. This offers impactful opportunities to control light-matter waves in their dimensional hierarchy, paving the way for topological polariton shaping, ultrathin structured light sources, and thermal management at the nanoscale. We also experimentally demonstrate the chiral structure of these states stemming from their topological nature with spiral polarization texture and selective one-way coupling to topological interface modes.

Daria Smirnova, Filipp Komissarenko, Anton Vakulenko, Svetlana Kiriushechkina, Ekaterina Smolina, Sriram Guddala, Monica Allen, Jeffery Allen, Andrea Alù, Alexander B. Khanikaev