This study reanalyzes whole exome and genome sequencing data of 684 canine tumors across >7 common tumor types and >35 breeds. The results show that canine tumor alteration landscapes are tumor type-dependent but largely breed-independent. Each tumor type shows major pathway alterations similar to human counterparts. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) is associated with TP53 mutation but not PIK3CA mutation across tumor types and breeds. Golden Retrievers show a TMB-associated and osteosarcoma-enriched mutation signature. The study provides a comprehensive overview of canine mutations across major tumor types and breeds.

Burair A. Alsaihati, Kun-Lin Ho, Joshua Watson, Yuan Feng, Tianfang Wang, Kevin K. Dobbin, Shaying Zhao