This study investigates the environmental justice implications of zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) adoption in California. It quantifies ZEV adoption at the census tract level from 2015-2020 and projects it to 2035. Using an integrated traffic model and dispersion model, the study simulates air quality changes in Greater Los Angeles. Findings reveal significant disparities in ZEV ownership between disadvantaged communities (DACs) and non-DACs, with DAC residents experiencing disproportionate exposure to traffic-related air pollution despite receiving more pollutant reduction from inter-community ZEV trips. While disparities narrow with increased ZEV adoption in 2035, the study emphasizes the need for targeted policies addressing persistent pollution burdens in DACs and among racial and ethnic minorities, including a focus on truck electrification.

Qiao Yu, Brian Yueshuai He, Jiaqi Ma, Yifang Zhu