This paper designs a hybrid agricultural subsidy—a mix of quantity and quality subsidies—to enhance food security and safety, considering cost uncertainties and input resource constraints. Theoretical mathematical analysis shows that the hybrid subsidy offers flexibility in balancing food quantity and quality. Cost uncertainties and input constraints significantly impact subsidy efficiency, highlighting their importance in policy evaluations. The study contributes to agricultural support policy design.

You-hua Chen, Zhuang Zhang, Ashok K. Mishra