Earth Sciences

A coupled atmosphere-ocean source mechanism was a predictor of the 2022 Tonga volcanic tsunami

Y. T. Song, P. S. Callahan, et al.

This groundbreaking study by Y. Tony Song and colleagues reveals a novel source mechanism for tsunami generation linked to the 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption, where an atmospheric pressure wave accurately predicts tsunami behavior. Discover how this unique relationship between air-pressure dynamics and crater volume changes our understanding of volcanic tsunamis and enhances early warning systems.

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Abstract

Volcanic tsunamis pose significant threats. This study examines the 2022 Tonga volcanic eruption, revealing a coupled atmosphere-ocean source mechanism for tsunami generation. The leading air-pressure wave accurately predicts tsunami behavior. The eruption process governs both air-pressure and tsunami dynamics; crater volume controls ejecta (air-pressure waves), and mass loss in the ocean triggers water influx (tsunami). This mechanism differs from previous hypotheses and suggests incorporating air-pressure sensors into early warning systems.

Publisher

Communications Earth & Environment

Published On

Sep 30, 2024

Authors

Y. Tony Song, Philip S. Callahan, Jean-Damien M. Desjonqueres, Severine Fournier, Josh K. Willis

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